WHAT IS TRL AND WHY IS IT KEY TO INNOVATION?
In the world of innovation and technology, the term TRL (Technology Readiness Level) is often used to measure the level of development of a technology. Originally created by NASA, this system classifies technological ideas on a scale from 1 to 9, where 1 represents a conceptual idea and 9 signifies a fully implemented and operational technology. It is a key tool for assessing whether a project is ready to leave the lab and face the real world.
TRL consists of clear, progressive stages. For example, the initial levels (TRL 1-3) focus on basic research, where ideas are tested in theory or controlled environments. In the intermediate levels (TRL 4-6), developments move to validation and testing in more realistic environments, such as prototypes in simulated labs. Finally, the higher levels (TRL 7-9) involve testing in real operational conditions and final market implementation. This framework enables companies, investors, and governments to accurately identify the stage a technology is at and what resources are needed to take it to the next level.
Why is it important to understand TRL? Because its use is fundamental in optimising resources and managing risks. Imagine investing large sums of money in technology at TRL 3: it still requires years of development before it’s market-ready. On the other hand, identifying a technology at TRL 7 or above allows you to seize more immediate implementation opportunities.
In this first instalment of our TechnoTerms campaign, we wanted to highlight TRL because it is a concept that, although technical, has a huge practical impact on how innovative projects progress. Understanding it is key to making strategic decisions that drive sustainable development and technological transformation.